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Hello retread, Like yourself I also have hundreds of unanswered question regarding the early Red Air Fleet and the air services of other combatants in the 1918-1922 period. The majority of casualties among Red aircrews were the result of worn out and poorly maintained aircraft, lack of quality aviation fuel and poor training. It must be kept in mind that after November 1917 the plants manufacturing aircraft, engines and other parts fell into disrepair. Many of the more highly trained engineers and skilled workers were anti-Bolshevik and left their jobs.
In March 1918 when the first units of the Red Air Fleet began forming the personnel from the former Air Fleet (about 60%, the other 40% were not to be found, having joined White forces or fled the country) had been registered, locations of their families were noted and their political trustworthiness was questioned. At first only non-commissioned officers who had proven Bolshevik leanings were allowed to fly. Later officers were allowed to fly, but almost entirely in two-seaters with a Commissar (with Nagent revolver) in the observers seat. The number of defections was amazing. One pilot (with White leanings) flying on a combat mission caused his engine to cut in and out causing alarm to his Commissar. The pilot, knowing where he was told him that they must land or they would crash. The Commissar (not knowing where there were) agreed. Of course, the pilot landed behind White positions. They were captured and the Commissar quickly met his death.
Weather was definitely a factor. Innovation was out of the question. There is no comparison to France, Britain or Germany. Conditions in Russia were chaotic. Everything was patched up to make it work. Parts were taken from other aircraft, field conditions prevailed and mechanics were not always up to the job.
Sorry for the long winded answer. Hope it fills in a couple of holes and stimulates others to research the period. Best regards, August
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