A few point to all
there were two versions (I am talking about plane that have seen sservice not those that were only protoype) of the spad armed with a 37 mm cannon firing trought the motor.
one was a land spad XII that was a based on the spad VII the other was a seaplane version of the previous the Spad XIV the spad XII was put in service in spring/summer 17 and the spad XIV with the navy in mid 18 so that can not be the plane in the incident.
The french navy also got some 37mm bomber and flying boat
the bomber were vosin VII that were put inservice in the navy only in mid 17
the flying boat were some prototype FBA. in april 16 the navy decided to arm a FBA 150hp with a 37mm cannon to attack submarine a prototype was devloped and first flew in june 16 at Bizerte (north africa) then in autumn in the lande region (close to gascony) the navy decided that the 37mm was too weak and chose to equip its seaplane bomber with 47mm cannon (the first plane being delivered during autumn 17)
so if the attacking plane french that live us with 2 possibility.
it could have been a cannon armed breguet michelin BLC or a breguet 5 thos plane (very similar) were in service in may 16 with the following unit BM 117 BM 118, BM 119, BM 120 and BM 121 all those unit were forming the GBM5 bomber wing. the GBM 5 was fighting quite a lot in 16 first at verdun then on the some (it moved to the some in preparation of the offensive in april/may 16) that made the use of any of those unit for naval attack highly unlikley (and I do not see a german destroyer on the some)
the other 1916 cannon armed plane were the voisin 4 and the voisin 8, the voisin 8 only started production in summer 16 (first produced in august) so the last remaning plane was a voisin 4
the following unig were equiped with voisin 4
V83 (no information)
VC 110 was part of the GB 1 that was involved in the same activity as the GBM5
VC 111 and VC113 were part of the GB3 that was assigned to the some front in may 16
and finaly a potential winer VC 116 (I have also found referenc to it as V116 and it is highly possible that it was equiped with other model of voisin in addition to the cannon armed voisin 4 this unit was assigned to the 36 CA (corp d'armee) that was fighting with the belgium army in the coast. The V116 base was St-Pol (close to Dunkirk) so that make the V116 a highly potential unit for your attack (if it took place in this area
here are 2 picture of a voisin 4/5 cannon armed (form Ro$bud image archive)