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This is the Boland tailess biplane at the Mineola fair grounds in 1914. It was designed by the Boland brothers and built by the Aeromarine Plane and Motor Company of Avondale, New Jersey.
It did not have conventional controls. According to the Century of Flight web site
"The key to the Boland airplane's ease of handling and manoeuvrability was a patented system of lateral control long known to sailors, called a jib. Rudders, ailerons, and wing warping were not part of this design. Lateral control was provided by elliptically shaped surfaces, or jibs, mounted between the outer ends of the top and bottom wings. Each jib was pivoted on an oblique axis from the lower front strut to the upper rear strut and was movable inward, in one direction only. The operation was similar to steering an automobile: a control wheel was turned in the desired direction, the jib on that side was pulled in, and the aircraft banked and turned. Control in elevation was provided by a curved control surface located 14 feet in front of the wings. Moving the control column forward caused the craft to go downward, and vice versa."
Sean
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